A36: Dr. Stulting
I. Doing Archaeology in the Land of the Bible
1. Chapter 1
Definition of and etymology of word "archaeology"
Shift in meaning of the word "archaeology"
The place of archaeology among the academic disciplines
Napoleon and the Rosetta Stone
2. Chapter 2
Phase 3: William Flinders Petrie, Heinrich Schliemann, Troy, and stratigraphy
Kenyon-Wheeler method of doing archaeology'
Issues: motivation for doing archeology
3. Chapter 3
Reasons for settlement in an area, and reasons for a site's destruction
Tell, stratum, flat top, and glacis
Petrie's work at Tell el-Hesi
Difficulties of Tell investigation
II. Cities of the Biblical World
1. Anatolia
Land bridge between Europe and Fertile Crescent
Anatolia and the different names for this area
Taurus Mountains, Cicilian Gates, Halys River
Hatti, Hittites, Hattusas, Sea Peoples, Phrygia, Lydia
2. Roman World
Graeco-Roman culture
Shift from Roman Republic to Roman Empire
Pax Romana
Importance of roads and shipping routes
Influential role of Roman Empire in early Christianity
3. Athens
Attica, Piraeus
Mycenaen period: acropolis, Aphrodite
6th c: Athens emerges; Solon, Cleisthenes, threat of Persians, golden age of Athens, Pericles
Peloponnesian War, Philip of Macedon, Alexander the Great, Achaen League
Major sections of city: acropolis, agora, areopagus
Other buildings & places: dipylon gate, Panathenic Way, and buildings of Acropolis
4. Ephesus
Trading link between Asia Minor and Mediterranean world
Problems with silt in mouth of Cayster River
Founded circa 1000 BCE by Ionian Greeks from Athens, led by Androclus
560 BCE-conquered by Lydians under King Croesus
546 BCE-conquered by Persians under King Cyrus
334-conquered by Alexander the Great
190-133-under king of Pergamum through Rome
133-came under direct Roman control; major Roman city
City was important site for Emperor cult
Temple of Artemis (Artemision)
Church of St. John, Church of St. Mary
Site of 4th Ecumenical Council
City in decline during Byzantine period
1426-occupied by Ottoman Turks
5. Rome
Site settled in 2nd millennium
Traditional date-735 BCE
600 BCE-Etruscan expansion of site
509-Latin population rebelled and established Roman Republic
Republic's expansion in 3 phases
Change from Republic to Empire
2 triumvirates; Battle of Actium in 31 BCE
Octavian/Caesar Augustus, 27 BCE
Extensive building projects under Augustus
III. "On the Road and On the Sea with St. Paul"
Significance of The Golden Ass, a Latin novel, by Apuleius
Cicilian Gates
The dangers and discomforts which Paul probably experience on his travels
Impact of his experiences as a traveler on his theology
IV. "Corinth and Ephesus: Why did Paul Spend Half his Journeys in these Cities?"
2 major themes in Paul's letters that account for his brief stay in most cities
Reasons why Paul spent so much time in Corinth and Ephesus
diolkos, asklepeion, corinthiazesthai, Artemis,
Demetrius, Library of Celsus
V. Material from Lecture